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[118] The first joint meeting of the Governments of Romania and Moldova, held in March 2012, concluded with several bilateral agreements in various fields. The country's name is derived from the Moldova River which flows through the modern day country of Romania. Moldova River The new Russian province was called Oblast of Moldavia and Bessarabia, and initially enjoyed a large degree of autonomy. Most of Moldovan territory was a part of the Principality of Moldavia from the 14th century until 1812, when it was ceded to the Russian Empire by the Ottoman Empire (to which Moldavia was a vassal state) and became known as Bessarabia. Russian was used in relations with citizens from other parts of the Soviet Union. Since declaring independence in 1991, Moldova has participated in UN peacekeeping missions in Liberia, Cte d'Ivoire, Sudan and Georgia. Moldova remains highly vulnerable to fluctuations in remittances from workers abroad (which constitute 24 percent of GDP), exports to the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and European Union (EU) (88 per cent of total exports), and donor support (about 10 per cent of government spending). The Moldova national football team played its first match in 1994, but never qualified to the UEFA European Championship. Europe's Poorest Country (2001) - We take a look at the continent's poorest country, Moldova.Subscribe to Journeyman here: http://www.youtube.com/subscriptio. As a part of an ambitious economic liberalization effort, Moldova introduced a convertible currency, liberalized all prices, stopped issuing preferential credits to state enterprises, backed steady land privatization, removed export controls, and liberalized interest rates. [70][71][72], In August 2009, four Moldovan parties (Liberal Democratic Party, Liberal Party, Democratic Party, and Our Moldova Alliance) agreed to create the Alliance For European Integration that pushed the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova into opposition. [221], Moldova's cultural tradition has been influenced primarily by the Romanian origins of its majority population, the roots of which go back to the second century AD, the period of Roman colonization in Dacia. Amendments to the Constitution affecting the state's sovereignty, independence, or unity can only be made after a majority of voters support the proposal in a referendum. This system was designed to decrease executive authority in favour of the legislature. The Moldovan Intelligence and Security Service has estimated that 600,000 to one million Moldovan citizens (almost 25% of the population) are working abroad. In February 2022 Sandu condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine, calling it "a blatant breach of international law and of Ukrainian sovereignty and territorial integrity. . [129], On 12 November 2014, the US donated to Moldovan Armed Forces 39 Humvees and 10 trailers, with a value of US$700,000, to the 22nd Peacekeeping Battalion of the Moldovan National Army to "increase the capability of Moldovan peacekeeping contingents. Moldova is a unitary parliamentary representative democratic republic. The highest temperature ever recorded in Moldova was 41.5C (106.7F) on 21 July 2007 in Camenca. The culture has been also influenced by the Byzantine culture, the neighbouring Magyar and Slavic populations, and later by the Ottoman Turks. The western border of Moldova is formed by the Prut river, which joins the Danube before flowing into the Black Sea. While most of today's Moldova came into the Ottoman orbit in the 16th century, a substantial part of Transnistria remained a part of the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth until the Second Partition of Poland in 1793. [144] The movement is national representative of the Center "Naturopa" of the Council of Europe and United Nations Environment Programme of the United Nations. The first million mobile telephone users were registered in September 2005. (1) din Constituie n corelaie cu Preambulul Constituiei i Declaraia de Independen a Republicii Moldova (Sesizrile nr. [114], In September 2010, the European Parliament approved a grant of 90 million to Moldova. Declaring itself a neutral state, Moldova did not join the military branch of the CIS. 6 Moldova is a parliamentary representative democratic republic and its official language is Moldovan, a variety of Romanian. The prehistory of Moldova covers the period from the Upper Paleolithic which begins with the presence of Homo sapiens in the area of Southeastern Europe some 44,000 years ago and extends into the appearance of the first written records in Classical Antiquity in Greece. [18] However, the strip of Moldovan territory on the east bank of the Dniester has been under the de facto control of the breakaway government of Transnistria since 1990. In the 1980s, amid political conditions created by glasnost and perestroika, a Democratic Movement of Moldova was formed, which in 1989 became known as the nationalist Popular Front of Moldova (FPM). Moldova has a rich historical and cultural heritage, which may be reflected in the current genetic makeup of its population. Officially, the name Republic of Moldova is designated by the United Nations. Over the 19th century, the Russian authorities encouraged the colonization of Bessarabia or parts of it by Russians, Ukrainians, Germans, Bulgarians, Poles, and Gagauzes, primarily in the northern and southern areas vacated by Turks and Nogais, the latter having been expelled in the 1770s and 1780s, during the Russo-Turkish Wars;[d][38][37][39][40] the inclusion of the province in the Pale of Settlement also allowed the immigration of more Bessarabian Jews. They are natives of Central, Eastern, Southeast, and Northeast Europe as well as Central and North Asia. [84] However, on 8 June, the NOW Platform DA and PAS reached an agreement with the Socialist party forming a government led by Maia Sandu as the new prime minister, pushing the Democratic Party out of power. Moldova is committed to a number of international and regional control of arms regulations such as the UN Firearms Protocol, Stability Pact Regional Implementation Plan, the UN Programme of Action (PoA) and the OSCE Documents on Stockpiles of Conventional Ammunition. Slovenia - 2,060,000. The states made up of the Slavs account for about 50% of the territory of Europe. [219], The percentage of adults (aged 1549) living with HIV/AIDS was estimated in 2009 at 0.40%. Nicolae Juravschi represented the Soviet Union at the 1988 Seoul Games, winning two medals. The country acceded to the provisions of the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty in October 1994 in Washington, D.C. [165] Still, growth has been hampered by high prices for Russian natural gas, a Russian import ban on Moldovan wine, increased foreign scrutiny of Moldovan agricultural products, and by Moldova's large external debt. More than 10,000 supporters turn out for home internationals. [149] Moldova is currently interested in expanding their wisent population, and began talks with Belarus in 2019 regarding a bison exchange program between the two countries. Combaterea coruptiei, stabilitatea economica si intarirea institutiilor, singura cale catre succes", "Women Victims from Moldova From 1991 through 2008", "Country Comparison: Total Fertility Rate", "Biroul Naional de Statistic Comunicate de pres - Situaia copiilor n Republica Moldova", "Human Development Report 2009 Moldova", "As Health System Declined, TB Increased", "Former Soviet Nations, China Face High MDR-TB Prevalence, Study Says", "Understanding Migration, Emigration from Moldova", Moldovan Red Wines: The Best Red Wine on the Planet You Have Never Heard Of, "How This Tiny European Country Got the World's Worst Drinking Problem", "Moldova Declares Western Christmas Day Official Holiday", "Martisor, a Spring celebration for Eastern Europeans - FOREIGNERS IN UK", "Europe's poor relations show richness of spirit; Mark Souster visits Moldova and discovers a wealth of ambition at all levels in one of the game's new frontiers", S.Res.148 - A resolution to express the sense of the Senate that the United States should support the right to self-determination of the people of the Republic of Moldavia and northern Bucovina, autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark, Commission against Racism and Intolerance, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Assemble parlementaire de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopration Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC), Council of Ministers of Defense of the CIS, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moldova&oldid=1142489472, Romanian-speaking countries and territories, Russian-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States, Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, States and territories established in 1991, Articles with Latin-language sources (la), Articles with French-language sources (fr), Articles with Romanian-language sources (ro), Articles with dead external links from March 2021, Articles with permanently dead external links, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles containing Romanian-language text, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles needing additional references from March 2022, All articles needing additional references, Articles with incomplete citations from May 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2022, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles with incomplete citations from December 2022, Wikipedia articles that are excessively detailed from October 2016, All articles that are excessively detailed, Wikipedia articles with style issues from October 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2016, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2010, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2018, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Date of proclamation. Produsul intern brut n anul 2012, date actualizate, Produsul intern brut n Republica Moldova n anul 2013, date actualizate, Economia Moldovei a nregistrat o crestere de 4,6%, n 2014, i constituie 111 miliarde de lei, "Economia Republicii Moldova, n SCDERE n 2015; Ultimele cifre de la Statistic", "BNS: Economia Republicii Moldova a crescut cu 4,5% n anul 2017", "Salariului mediu lunar pe economie in anul 2018 este de 6150 lei / Editorial / Monitorul fiscal FISC.md", "INS: Salariul mediu pe economie, n cretere n iunie", " 2018 ! Guvernul a fost nvestit n funcie cu 61 de voturi", "Criz politic n Republica Moldova. [216], Public expenditure on health was 4.2% of the GDP and private expenditure on health 3.2%. Austrians are Germanic, not Slavic; Hungarians are not Slavic, neither are Romanians or Greeks. On 23 December 1994, the Parliament of Moldova adopted a "Law on the Special Legal Status of Gagauzia", and in 1995, the latter was constituted. The Giurgiuleti terminal on the Danube is compatible with small seagoing vessels. [97] She resigned on 10 February 2023.[98][99]. The country also has important minority ethnic communities, as shown in the table below. The National Library of Moldova was founded in 1832. The decision was disputed by Soviet Russia, which in 1924 established, within the Ukrainian SSR, a so-called Moldavian autonomous republic on partially Moldovan-inhabited territories to the east of Bessarabia. In February 1918, it declared independence and then integrated into Romania later that year following a vote of its assembly. The ethnic groups in Moldova include Moldovan (75.1%), Romania (7%), Ukrainian (6.6%), Gagauz (4.6%), Russian (4.1%), and others (3.22%). A deep crisis was to follow Alexander l's long reign, with his successors battling each other in a succession of wars that divided the country until the murder of Bogdan II and the accession of Peter Aaron in 1451. This union was recognized by most of the principal Allied Powers in the 1920 Treaty of Paris, which however was not ratified by all of its signatories. The Jewish minority was more numerous in the past (228,620Jews in Bessarabia in 1897, or 11.8% of the population). The country's cultural heritage was marked by numerous churches and monasteries built by the Moldavian ruler Stephen the Great in the 15th century, by the works of the later renaissance Metropolitans Varlaam and Dosoftei, and those of scholars such as Grigore Ureche, Miron Costin, Nicolae Milescu, Dimitrie Cantemir[g] and Ion Neculce. The largest part of the country (around 88% of the area) lies in Bessarabia region, between Prut and Dniester rivers, while a narrow strip in the east is located in Transnistria (east of the Dniester). Moldova reported 29 cases of the disease on 17 March 2020. Peter Aaron was eventually ousted by his nephew, Stephen the Great who would become the most important medieval Moldavian ruler who managed to uphold Moldavia's autonomy against Hungary, Poland and the Ottoman Empire. Ialpug flows into one of the Danube limans, while Coglnic into the Black Sea chain of limans. [18] Miletii Mici is the home of the largest wine cellar in the world. After the failure of the Tatarbunary Uprising in 1924, the Moldavian Autonomous Region, created earlier in the Transnistria region, was elevated to an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic within the Ukrainian SSR. If you look at Slavic languages, there is a decent degree of mutual intelligibility, especially from languages that border each other. The East Slavic Hypatian Chronicle (13th century) mentions the Bolohoveni people, who resided on the eastern fringes of Moldovan territory and in the Rus' principalities of Halych, Volhynia and Kyiv; their ethnic origin is disputed by historians. The sole international air gateway of Moldova is the Chiinu International Airport. [82], In 2019, from 7 to 15 June, the Moldovan government went through a period of dual power in what is known as the 2019 Moldovan constitutional crisis. The theme of the musical group is "Anonymous" as they perform with painted faces, hoodies and sunglasses. Its identity with the Romanian language was also established. The miracle about them is that, although genetically they basically are just germans, slavs and romanians melted by force and deception into this nation, the language could be imposed. Since 2004, playing numbers at all levels have more than doubled to 3,200. [93] On 28 April 2021, Sandu dissolved the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova after the Constitutional Court ended Moldova's state of emergency which had been brought about by the coronavirus pandemic. [220], Emigration is a mass phenomenon in Moldova and has a major impact on the country's demographics and economy. Of the latter, approximately 90,000 died. All independent organizations were severely reprimanded, with the National Patriotic Front leaders being sentenced in 1972 to long prison terms. Moldova is the second poorest country in Europe by GDP per official capita after Ukraine and much of its GDP is dominated by the service sector. It was a brief war between Moldovan and separatist Transnistrian forces, with Russia intervening militarily on Transnistria's side. Moldova has been participating in the Eurovision Song Contest since 2005. Ruxandra Lupu, the daughter of Moldavian voivode Vasile Lupu who married Tymish Khmelnytsky, lived in Racov according to Ukrainian tradition. [citation needed] Infotag is the state news agency. [152] Moldova's remarkable recovery from the severe recession of 2009 was largely the result of sound macroeconomic and financial policies and structural reforms. Popular alcoholic beverages are divin (Moldovan brandy), beer, and wineof which the country is known for making high-quality offerings.[225][226]. Three months later, on 2 March 1992, the country gained formal recognition as an independent state at the United Nations.

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